There are many ways to reduce your investment risks like research and analysis. But if you have a risky investment on hand, research and analysis may not be that helpful, you may need something more practical such as hedging. Hedging is a very powerful tool to reduce risk and is using by many different investors and well established enterprises. Let us begin to understand more about hedging.
Why there are so many people and well established enterprises use hedging? You need opportunities from investments. But no free lunch, there are risks linked to such investments. To reduce the risks on such investments, many of them choose hedging as one of the methods. There are many different types of hedging products available to cover different types of investments. You can find foreign currency ones, interest rate ones, future ones, options ones and stock price ones.
The core objective for hedging is to reduce the risk instead of earns money. Therefore, what you would do is to invest in two products that are negatively correlated. In simpler term, that is when investment A earns money, investment B will lose money. The gain and the loss offset each other that your risk is minimized.
It always makes sense that, the higher the risk, the high the opportunity. When the risk is reduced by hedging, you can expect the highest possible earning to be reduced, too. But on the other hand, as the risk is reduced, when you are losing money, the amount that you are going to lose can be lesser.
To illustrate more clearly, we can now assume a case with interest rate swap. Assume that you have borrowed a $60,000 loan from a bank. No doubt, the bank will charge you interest say at LIBOR + 2%. As an interest payer, you must be concerned that the interest rate may increase. Therefore, you enter into an interest rate swap with the bank to receive a floating interest income at LIBOR + 2%.
As there is a tradeoff between risk and possible earnings, you can choose to what extend that you wish to reduce your risk. That means, you can enter into a $50,000 interest rate swap to minimize your risk or you can enter into a $25,000 interest rate swap to reduce part of your risk. For simplicity, we now assume you have entered into a $50,000 interest rate swap that you receive interest on floating rate.
When the market rate goes up, you have to pay more for the loan, but on the other hand, you receive more from the interest rate swap. On the other hand, if the interest rate goes down, you pay less, but you receive less as your interest income. To note that, hedging may not help you eliminate the risk but only reduce, therefore, you cannot expect that the interest pay out should be exactly the same as interest income. - 31876
Why there are so many people and well established enterprises use hedging? You need opportunities from investments. But no free lunch, there are risks linked to such investments. To reduce the risks on such investments, many of them choose hedging as one of the methods. There are many different types of hedging products available to cover different types of investments. You can find foreign currency ones, interest rate ones, future ones, options ones and stock price ones.
The core objective for hedging is to reduce the risk instead of earns money. Therefore, what you would do is to invest in two products that are negatively correlated. In simpler term, that is when investment A earns money, investment B will lose money. The gain and the loss offset each other that your risk is minimized.
It always makes sense that, the higher the risk, the high the opportunity. When the risk is reduced by hedging, you can expect the highest possible earning to be reduced, too. But on the other hand, as the risk is reduced, when you are losing money, the amount that you are going to lose can be lesser.
To illustrate more clearly, we can now assume a case with interest rate swap. Assume that you have borrowed a $60,000 loan from a bank. No doubt, the bank will charge you interest say at LIBOR + 2%. As an interest payer, you must be concerned that the interest rate may increase. Therefore, you enter into an interest rate swap with the bank to receive a floating interest income at LIBOR + 2%.
As there is a tradeoff between risk and possible earnings, you can choose to what extend that you wish to reduce your risk. That means, you can enter into a $50,000 interest rate swap to minimize your risk or you can enter into a $25,000 interest rate swap to reduce part of your risk. For simplicity, we now assume you have entered into a $50,000 interest rate swap that you receive interest on floating rate.
When the market rate goes up, you have to pay more for the loan, but on the other hand, you receive more from the interest rate swap. On the other hand, if the interest rate goes down, you pay less, but you receive less as your interest income. To note that, hedging may not help you eliminate the risk but only reduce, therefore, you cannot expect that the interest pay out should be exactly the same as interest income. - 31876
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